81 lines
3.8 KiB
Markdown
81 lines
3.8 KiB
Markdown
I have finally discovered what a breadboard is. Apparently, a breadboard is just this piece of plastic with holes with a bunch of little metal rails under the holes. The idea is, you get cables touching the metal rail through the hole and that way they connect with each other. This way we skip soldering and merging cables together.
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I also learned that Tinkercad has a circuit simulator. You can use it t simulate a circuit and check whether and how it would work if implemented. This way, you don't need to fuck around to find out. It's pretty cool.
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I also learned that the little led lights that I always see on tutorials have two legs: the short leg and the long leg. The long leg looks a bit more curvy. It's the one the power enters through. My mnemonic here is that looks all jumpy because power is going in, while the long is all chill cause it's the ground one. I have no clue of what this ground thing is, I need to find out.
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---
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I also realized I need to know more about Ohm's Law, which somehow relates voltage, power and something else. I have no clue about it.
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## Ohm's Law
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> Voltage = Current * Resistance
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$V = IR$
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Voltage is measured in volts.
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Current is measured in amps (Current is called *amperaje* in Spanish)
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Resistance is measured in ohms.
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Current and Resistance are inversely proportional to each other (given a certain Voltage).
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Voltage and Current/Resistance are proportional to each other (given a certain Resistance/Current).
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In a circuit, the resistance of all resisting elements adds up to determine the current level. So, if a circuit has a power source of 90 volts and 3 resistors of 10 ohms each:
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$90V = I * (10 + 10 + 10)Ω ∴ I = 3A$
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On the other hand, voltage is not constant if there are several resistors. If we have the following components:
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$S_1$: Power source
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$R_{1,2,3}$: Three resistors
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Where the power source delivers $140V$ and the resistance of each resistor is ${40Ω, 20Ω, 10Ω}$.
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And we have a series circuit connected so that the energy flow is $S_1 -> R_1 -> R_2 -> R_3 -> S_1$ .
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This creates the sections $S_1R_1$, $R_1R_2$, $R_2R_3$, $R_3S_1$.
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Now, the voltage is not constant in each section. We can compute the voltage of each section by using the resistance of each starting resistor and the current, which is constant throughout the circuit. Thus:
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$I = V/R ; I = 140V/70Ω = 2A$
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$V_{S_1R_1} = 2A * ? = ?$
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$V_{R_1R_2} = 2A * 40Ω = 80V$
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$V_{R_2R_3} = 2A * 20Ω = 40V$
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$V_{R_3S_1} = 2A * 10Ω = 20V$
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This is completely different if instead of a series circuit we have a parallel one. Imagine we have the same components, but now we change the layout so we have a parallel circuit with the following loops.
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$\{S_1->R_1->S_1, S_1->R_2->S_1, S_1->R_3->S_1\}$
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## Kirchoff's Voltage Law
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I need to find out about this one too.
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---
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# 20221018
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I finally bought the starter kit and today I'll begin messing around with it. Yeeha.
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I have made this little script that turns the board's led on and off intermittently in a visually pleasant way. On each on/off cycle, the time on and time off are equal to each other. But on each loop, this time (I'll call it *delay*) changes smoothly in a cyclical way. I used a transformed sine function so that it accelerates and slows down cyclically. It took me some time to find the right transformation, but once you have it, it looks awesome.
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# 20221019
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I'm noting a couple of symbols from circuit schematics:
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- Ground are three parallel lines of decreasing length.
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- A resistor is a long line zig-zaged several times.
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## Pulse Width Modulation
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I need to find out more about this.
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# 20221020
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An anode is where the current is coming from. A catode is where it goes out.
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An active buzzer has a small circuit embedded that produces the buzzing simply by passing in current. On the other hand, the passive buzzer expects the circuit itself to oscillate the current with PWM to make the sound.
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