Merged PR 2077: Adding Country to intermediate

Adding Country to intermediate, both model + documentation.

At this stage, the model is set as a view but we can discuss what is the best approach

Related work items: #17312

models/intermediate/core/schema.yaml

@@ -430,4 +430,72 @@ models:
         data_type: character varying
       - name: notes
         data_type: character varying
+        
+  - name: int_core__country
+    description: |
+      This model contains information regarding countries, such as codes, 
+      names and preferred currencies
+            
+    columns:
+      - name: id_country
+        data_type: bigint
+        description: id of the country. It's the unique key for this model.
+        tests:
+          - not_null
+          - unique
+
+      - name: iso_2
+        data_type: char(2)
+        description: ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code. Cannot be null.
+        tests:
+          - not_null
+
+      - name: iso_3
+        data_type: char(3)
+        description: | 
+          ISO 3166-1 alpha-3 country code. Some countries can have this value as not set, 
+          therefore it's nullable.
+      
+      - name: country_name
+        data_type: character varying
+        description: name of the country. Cannot be null.
+        tests:
+          - not_null
+
+      - name: iso_num_code
+        data_type: int
+        description: |
+          ISO 3166-1 numeric code. Usually it's 3 digits, but since it's categorised as
+          an integer, the preceding zeros are removed. Nullable.
+
+      - name: phone_code
+        data_type: int
+        description: | 
+          Phone code prefix for a given country. Can contain default / duplicated values.
+
+      - name: id_preferred_currency
+        data_type: int
+        description: |
+          Id of the preferred currency for a given country. Might not be the only currency 
+          used in the country, it's just the preferred one.
+        tests:
+          - not_null
+
+      - name: preferred_currency_name
+        data_type: character varying
+        description: |
+          Currency name of the preferred currency for a given country.
+        tests:
+          - not_null
+
+      - name: preferred_iso4217_code
+        data_type: char(3)
+        description: |
+          Three-letter code assigned to the preferred currency for a given country by the ISO. 
+          These codes are part of the ISO 4217 standard.
+        tests:
+          - not_null
+
+        
+