Merged PR 2539: Claim model to staging

# Description

Brings over the table `Claim` from `sync_core` to `staging`.

# Checklist

- [X] The edited models and dependants run properly with production data.
- [X] The edited models are sufficiently documented.
- [X] The edited models contain PK tests, and I've ran and passed them.
- [X] I have checked for DRY opportunities with other models and docs.
- [X] I've picked the right materialization for the affected models.

# Other

- [ ] Check if a full-refresh is required after this PR is merged.

Related work items: #19570

models/staging/core/_core_sources.yml

@@ -219,3 +219,5 @@ sources:
         identifier: UserRole
       - name: Role
         identifier: Role
+      - name: Claim
+        identifier: Claim

models/staging/core/schema.yml

@@ -153,4 +153,10 @@ models:
           - not_null
       - name: id_user
         tests:
-          - not_null
+          - not_null
+  - name: stg_core__claim
+    columns:
+      - name: id_claim
+        tests:
+          - unique
+          - not_null

models/staging/core/stg_core__claim.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+with
+    raw_claim as (select * from {{ source("core", "Claim") }}),
+    stg_core__claim as (
+        select
+            {{ adapter.quote("Id") }} as id_claim,
+            {{ adapter.quote("UserId") }} as id_user,
+            {{ adapter.quote("ClaimType") }} as claim_type,
+            {{ adapter.quote("ClaimValue") }} as claim_value,
+            {{ adapter.quote("_airbyte_extracted_at") }} as dwh_extracted_at_utc
+
+        from raw_claim
+    )
+select *
+from stg_core__claim