Merged PR 2870: Add core.PayAway to staging

# Description

This PR brings the core table `PayAway` into staging, adds documentation and tests.

We are bringing this so we can build right until we reach `int_core__verification_payments_v2`, which needs this info to determine if a waiver was a Superhog-takes-risk type or Host-takes-risk type.

# Checklist

- [X] The edited models and dependants run properly with production data.
- [X] The edited models are sufficiently documented.
- [X] The edited models contain PK tests, and I've ran and passed them.
- [X] I have checked for DRY opportunities with other models and docs.
- [X] I've picked the right materialization for the affected models.

# Other

- [ ] Check if a full-refresh is required after this PR is merged.

Related work items: #20043

models/staging/core/_core_sources.yml

@@ -232,4 +232,6 @@ sources:
       - name: AccommodationToProductBundle
         identifier: AccommodationToProductBundle
       - name: ElectronicDepositUser
-        identifier: ElectronicDepositUser
+        identifier: ElectronicDepositUser
+      - name: PayAway
+        identifier: PayAway

models/staging/core/schema.yml

@@ -391,3 +391,132 @@ models:
         data_type: timestamp
         description: |
           Timestamp of when this data was extracted into DWH.
+  - name: stg_core__payaway
+    description: |
+      Contains all the PayAway plans, which are basically the settings for 
+      host-takes-waiver plans with our host customers. All plans have a start
+      and end point in time.
+
+      As of today, though, the reality is that our monthly invoicing and 
+      settlement process with hosts only looks at the payaway plan that was 
+      active when a month finished.
+
+      Plans can be open ended, as in not having a specified end in time. This 
+      just means they are indefinitely active until someone changes it.
+
+      Plans can also have a planned end time which sits in the future.
+    tests:
+      - dbt_expectations.expect_column_pair_values_A_to_be_greater_than_B:
+          # The end timestamp should always be after the start timestamp
+          column_A: end_at_utc
+          column_B: start_at_utc
+          or_equal: False
+      - dbt_expectations.expect_column_pair_values_A_to_be_greater_than_B:
+          # The updated timestamp should always be equal or after the creation
+          # timestamp
+          column_A: updated_at_utc
+          column_B: created_at_utc
+          or_equal: True
+
+    columns:
+      - name: id_payaway_plan
+        data_type: bigint
+        description: The unique id for this plan.
+        tests:
+          - unique
+          - not_null
+
+      - name: id_currency
+        data_type: bigint
+        description: |
+          The Superhog ID of the currency that this record applies to.
+        tests:
+          - not_null
+
+      - name: id_user_host
+        data_type: character varying
+        description: |
+          The Superhog ID of the host user this record applies to.
+        tests:
+          - not_null
+
+      - name: start_at_utc
+        data_type: timestamp without time zone
+        description: |
+          The point in time in which this plan became active. It can never be 
+          null.
+        tests:
+          - not_null
+
+      - name: end_at_utc
+        data_type: timestamp without time zone
+        description: |
+          The point in time in which this plan will stop being active. It can be
+          null, which means the plan has no planned end date yet. Should this 
+          column have a value, it should always be after the start time of the
+          plan.
+
+      - name: has_no_end_date
+        data_type: boolean
+        description: |
+          Syntactic sugar for checking if the plan has a specified end date.
+        tests:
+          - not_null
+
+      - name: payaway_percentage
+        data_type: numeric
+        description: |
+          The percentage of the Waiver payments that Superhog will keep as a 
+          a fee. Should be between 0% and a 100%. 0% is a valid amount.
+
+          This means that the Superhog fee is computed as:
+          Waiver Amount * payaway_percentage.
+
+          If the amount that comes out of this calculation is smaller than the
+          amount in column payaway_minimum_commission_local_curr, then the 
+          Superhog fee becomes payaway_minimum_commission_local_curr instead.
+          So, the final logic becomes:
+          MAX(
+            Waiver Amount * payaway_percentage,
+            payaway_minimum_commission_local_curr
+          )
+        tests:
+          - not_null
+          - dbt_expectations.expect_column_values_to_be_between:
+              min_value: 0
+              max_value: 1
+              strictly: false
+
+      - name: payaway_minimum_commission_local_curr
+        data_type: numeric
+        description: |
+          The minimum fee that we take from each waiver payment, specified in 
+          the currency of the guest payment (so if this record is in dollars, it
+          means it applies to guest payments made in dollars). We will never
+          charge less than this. This can be 0.
+        tests:
+          - not_null
+          - dbt_expectations.expect_column_values_to_be_between:
+              min_value: 0
+              strictly: false
+
+      - name: created_at_utc
+        data_type: timestamp
+        description: |
+          Timestamp of when the pay away plan was created.
+        tests:
+          - not_null
+
+      - name: updated_at_utc
+        data_type: timestamp
+        description: |
+          Timestamp of when the pay away plan to currency was last updated
+        tests:
+          - not_null
+
+      - name: dwh_extracted_at_utc
+        data_type: timestamp
+        description: |
+          Timestamp of when this data was extracted into DWH.
+        tests:
+          - not_null

models/staging/core/stg_core__payaway.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+with
+    raw_payaway as (select * from {{ source("core", "PayAway") }}),
+    stg_core__payaway as (
+        select
+            {{ adapter.quote("Id") }} as id_payaway_plan,
+            {{ adapter.quote("CurrencyId") }} as id_currency,
+            {{ adapter.quote("SuperhogUserId") }} as id_user_host,
+            {{ adapter.quote("StartDate") }} as start_at_utc,
+            {{ adapter.quote("EndDate") }} as end_at_utc,
+            {{ adapter.quote("EndDate") }} is null as has_no_end_date,
+            {{ adapter.quote("PayAwayPercentage") }} as payaway_percentage,
+            {{ adapter.quote("PayAwayMinimumCommission") }}
+            as payaway_minimum_commission_local_curr,
+            {{ adapter.quote("CreatedDate") }} as created_at_utc,
+            {{ adapter.quote("UpdatedDate") }} as updated_at_utc,
+            {{ adapter.quote("_airbyte_extracted_at") }} as dwh_extracted_at_utc
+
+        from raw_payaway
+    )
+select *
+from stg_core__payaway